How to Calculate Landed Cost for Imported Goods

Landed cost guide

How to calculate landed cost for imported goods

Landed cost is the total estimated cost of getting imported goods to their destination. It usually includes product value, shipping, insurance, import duty, import VAT or tax, broker fees and other import-related costs.

Basic landed cost model
  • Start with product value
  • Add shipping and insurance
  • Add duty and import tax
  • Add broker or handling fees
  • Divide by units for cost per unit
Formula

Landed cost formula

Step 1: customs value Product value + shipping + insurance + other import costs
Step 2: estimated duty Customs value x duty rate
Step 3: import VAT or tax (Customs value + duty + broker fee) x tax rate
Step 4: landed cost Customs value + duty + import VAT/tax + broker fee

This is a simplified planning formula. Final customs treatment can vary depending on product classification, origin, destination, valuation rules, trade remedies and import conditions.

Example

Simple landed cost example

Product value

£1,000

Shipping

£150

Insurance

£20

Broker fee

£30

Duty rate

5%

Import VAT rate

20%

In this simplified example, the customs value starts with product value, shipping and insurance. Duty is estimated from that customs value. Import VAT is then estimated using the customs value, duty and broker fee.

The final landed cost is the total planning estimate before comparing cost per unit, selling price and margin.

Cost per unit

How to calculate landed cost per unit

Once you have the total landed cost, divide it by the number of units imported. This helps sellers understand whether the product can still make sense after freight, duty, tax and fees.

Cost per unit Total landed cost / number of units
Estimated margin Selling price per unit - landed cost per unit
Checklist

What to check before relying on a landed cost estimate

Commodity code

Check that the product is classified under the correct commodity code.

Origin and destination

Import duty and tax treatment can depend on where the goods come from and where they enter.

Freight and insurance

Shipping and insurance can materially change the final cost per unit.

Broker and courier fees

Handling, clearance and delivery fees can make a supplier quote less attractive.

Import VAT or tax

VAT or import tax can be one of the largest parts of the final landed cost.

Margin after all costs

Use cost per unit to check whether the product still has enough margin.

Calculator

Use the calculator instead of doing it manually

The Landed Cost Calculator lets you enter product value, shipping, insurance, duty, import tax, broker fees, units and selling price to estimate total landed cost, cost per unit and margin.

Open the Landed Cost Calculator
Important

Landed cost is still an estimate

This guide and calculator are for planning and comparison. They are not customs, tax or legal advice. Final import costs can depend on classification, valuation, origin rules, trade remedies, controls, documentation and fees that may not be included in a simplified estimate.

FAQ

Landed cost calculation FAQ

What is included in landed cost?

Landed cost can include product value, shipping, insurance, import duty, import VAT or tax, broker fees, handling costs and other import-related costs.

Is landed cost the same as customs value?

No. Customs value is usually one part of the calculation. Landed cost is broader because it also includes duty, import VAT or tax, fees and other costs.

How do I calculate landed cost per unit?

Divide the total landed cost by the number of units imported. This gives an estimated cost per unit before comparing it with your selling price.

Can I use this landed cost calculation for commercial decisions?

You can use it as a planning tool, but final classification, duty, VAT, tax treatment and import requirements should be verified before relying on the estimate.